The Ingredient Encyclopedia: what is in your supplements, explained.

Catclaw Acacia

Current evidence is limited to preclinical animal studies, with no published human clinical trials available

Kalopanax Root Bark

Current evidence is limited to in vitro and animal studies, with no published human clinical trials available

Kokum Bark

Limited human trials have evaluated kokum bark, with most research conducted in animal models and in vitro studies

Katrafay Bark

Current scientific literature, primarily comprising ethnobotanical accounts and preliminary in vitro/in vivo studies, supports Katrafay Bark's traditional uses

Corkwood

While Corkwood (*Duboisia myoporoides*) itself lacks reported human clinical trials in the provided research, its extracted compounds are clinically significant

Ironwood Bark

Human clinical trials on Ironwood Bark remain limited, with most evidence from animal and in vitro studies

Huacapu Bark

Current evidence is limited to in vitro laboratory studies and animal models, with no human clinical trials reported

Santol Bark

Research on santol bark is primarily limited to in vitro and animal studies examining anti-inflammatory properties

Elephant Tree Bark

Evidence remains limited to preliminary in vitro and animal studies, with no completed human clinical trials available

Mimosa Bark

Clinical evidence remains limited, with one patent documenting standardized M

Arctic Willow

No human clinical trials exist specifically for Salix arctica bark

Caribbean Mauby Bark

Preliminary research on Mauby bark, including studies on Colubrina elliptica and traditional preparations, indicates notable hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects