Ingredient encyclopedia

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Ingredient guide

GHK-Cu (Copper Peptide)

Human studies demonstrate GHK-Cu's efficacy in improving skin elasticity by up to 35% and reducing wrinkle depth by 27% after 8-12 weeks of topical application

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Ingredient guide

Cinchonine

No human clinical trials have specifically evaluated isolated cinchonine as a therapeutic agent or dietary supplement, leaving its clinical evidence base essentially nonexistent

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Ingredient guide

Laminarin

Human studies on laminarin are limited, with most research conducted in vitro and in animal models

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Ingredient guide

Celastrol

No clinical trials examining isolated celastrol as a defined intervention in human subjects have been reported in the available literature, making a formal clinical summary impossible...

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Ingredient guide

Ajmaline

Ajmaline's primary clinical evidence centers on its intravenous use as a sodium channel challenge agent for unmasking Brugada syndrome, where it has been compared favorably to...

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Ingredient guide

Ellagitannin (Tannin)

A small trial (n=80) testing pomegranate juice in IBD patients showed preliminary benefits for inflammatory bowel disease management, though specific outcomes were not quantified

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Ingredient guide

Gallic Acid

To date, no published phase I, II, or III randomized controlled trials have specifically evaluated isolated gallic acid supplementation in humans with pre-registered outcomes, sample size...

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Ingredient guide

Scopoletin (Coumarin)

Current research on scopoletin is limited to in vitro and preclinical studies, with no human clinical trials available

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Ingredient guide

Ajoene from Aged Garlic

Extensive in vitro and animal studies have consistently demonstrated ajoene's significant antithrombotic, antimicrobial, and anti-cancer properties

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Ingredient guide

Aniracetam

Human studies on aniracetam are limited, with most research conducted in elderly populations with cognitive decline

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Ingredient guide

Polydatin

The majority of polydatin research consists of in vitro cell studies and rodent models, with limited human clinical data currently available

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Ingredient guide

Apocynin

Most evidence for apocynin derives from in vitro cell studies and animal models, where it consistently reduces NOX2-derived superoxide and inflammatory markers

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