Oxyresveratrol (Stilbene)

Oxyresveratrol is a stilbene compound found in mulberry that demonstrates potent antioxidant activity through free radical scavenging mechanisms. This bioactive compound inhibits tyrosinase enzyme activity and provides neuroprotective effects in preliminary research models.

Origin & History

Oxyresveratrol (trans-2,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene) is a naturally occurring stilbenoid polyphenol found in plants including Artocarpus lakoocha, mulberry wood, Schoenocaulon officinale, and Polygonum multiflorum, where it functions as a phytoalexin. This compound features a trans-1,2-diphenylethylene core structure with four hydroxyl groups—two on each aromatic ring.

Historical & Cultural Context

The research dossier does not provide information on the historical or traditional use of oxyresveratrol in traditional medicine systems. While the compound is found in several medicinal plants, specific traditional applications were not documented in the available sources.

Health Benefits

• Free radical scavenging: Effectively scavenges hydrogen peroxide, nitric oxide (IC₅₀ = 45.3 μM), and DPPH radicals (IC₅₀ = 28.9 μM) - based on in vitro evidence
• Neuroprotection: Inhibits apoptotic cell death in transient cerebral ischemia - preliminary animal model evidence
• Tyrosinase inhibition: Acts as an effective tyrosinase inhibitor - in vitro evidence only
• Anti-inflammatory activity: Functions as a COX-1 inhibitor similar to resveratrol - in vitro evidence
• Antioxidant protection: Olefinic bridge structure provides electron delocalization for radical scavenging - mechanistic studies only

How It Works

Oxyresveratrol scavenges reactive oxygen species including hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide through direct electron donation mechanisms. The compound inhibits tyrosinase enzyme activity, reducing melanin synthesis pathways. In neuronal tissues, oxyresveratrol prevents apoptotic cell death by modulating cellular oxidative stress responses during ischemic conditions.

Scientific Research

The available research on oxyresveratrol consists primarily of in vitro studies and chemical characterization rather than human clinical trials. No randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or meta-analyses with PubMed PMIDs were identified in the provided research dossier.

Clinical Summary

Current evidence for oxyresveratrol comes primarily from in vitro studies demonstrating antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ values of 45.3 μM for nitric oxide and 28.9 μM for DPPH radical scavenging. Animal model studies show neuroprotective effects against transient cerebral ischemia-induced apoptosis. Human clinical trials evaluating oxyresveratrol supplementation are limited. The evidence base remains preliminary and requires controlled human studies to establish therapeutic efficacy.

Nutritional Profile

Oxyresveratrol (3,5,3',4'-tetrahydroxystilbene) is a pure polyphenolic stilbene compound, not a whole food ingredient, and therefore does not possess a conventional macronutrient or micronutrient profile. As a discrete phytochemical (molecular weight: 244.24 g/mol; molecular formula: C₁₄H₁₂O₄), its profile is characterized entirely by its bioactive compound identity. It is naturally found in Morus alba (white mulberry) heartwood (concentrations up to 1.0–2.8 mg/g dry weight), Artocarpus lakoocha (up to 10–15% of heartwood extract in some reports), and grape canes (trace levels). As an isolated compound: no caloric value, no fiber, no protein, no vitamins, no minerals. Bioactive concentration in standardized extracts typically ranges from 95–99% purity in research-grade material. Bioavailability notes: Oxyresveratrol demonstrates superior water solubility compared to resveratrol due to its additional hydroxyl group, which may enhance oral bioavailability. It undergoes rapid Phase II metabolism (glucuronidation and sulfation) in the intestinal wall and liver, similar to resveratrol, with peak plasma concentrations (Tmax) reported at approximately 30–60 minutes post-oral administration in rodent models. First-pass metabolism is significant; bioavailability in humans is not yet precisely quantified but estimated to be moderate (>resveratrol baseline). No significant protein, fat, or carbohydrate content applicable.

Preparation & Dosage

No clinically studied dosage ranges for human subjects have been established in the available research. Standardized extract concentrations and dosing protocols for different formulations have not been determined through clinical trials. Consult a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement.

Synergy & Pairings

Resveratrol, Quercetin, Vitamin C, Pterostilbene, Green Tea Extract

Safety & Interactions

Safety data for oxyresveratrol supplementation in humans is limited due to lack of extensive clinical trials. No significant adverse effects have been reported in available preliminary studies, but comprehensive toxicity data is not established. Potential interactions with anticoagulant medications may exist due to stilbene compound properties, though specific drug interactions have not been documented. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid supplementation due to insufficient safety data.